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TCM Anatomy
In TCM, a human body is functionally divided into five systems,
including Heart, Liver, Spleen, Lung, and Kidney whose functions
are quite different from the concepts of these same-name organs
in modern medicine. These systems are connected by Channels
(Figure 1). The Heart system consists of heart, small intestine,
vessels, face, tongue. The Liver system is composed of liver,
gallbladder, eyes, tendon, and nail. The Spleen system includes
spleen, stomach, mouth, muscle and limbs. The Lung system
consists of lung, large intestine, nose, and skin. The kidney
system consists of kidney, bone, marrow, brain, hair, ears, urinary
and reproductive organs, and anus.
In TCM, a human body is functionally divided into five systems,
including Heart, Liver, Spleen, Lung, and Kidney whose functions
are quite different from the concepts of these same-name organs
in modern medicine. These systems are connected by Channels
(Figure 1). The Heart system consists of heart, small intestine,
vessels, face, tongue. The Liver system is composed of liver,
gallbladder, eyes, tendon, and nail. The Spleen system includes
spleen, stomach, mouth, muscle and limbs. The Lung system
consists of lung, large intestine, nose, and skin. The kidney
system consists of kidney, bone, marrow, brain, hair, ears, urinary
and reproductive organs, and anus.
| Figure 1 TCM anatomy |
TCM physiology
Health is defined as the result of
combined sufficient Essence and Qi,
which are reflected by having Shen.
All nutrients are categorized into Qi,
Blood, Liquids, and Solutions. They
are produced by the five major
organs and are transferred through
Channels to other parts of the body
(Figure 2).
Health is defined as the result of
combined sufficient Essence and Qi,
which are reflected by having Shen.
All nutrients are categorized into Qi,
Blood, Liquids, and Solutions. They
are produced by the five major
organs and are transferred through
Channels to other parts of the body
(Figure 2).
| Figure 2 TCM physiology |
TCM etiology and pathology
The causes of disorders can be
roughly divided into two categories:
internal and external. The
pathogenesis of a disease consists
of Yin-yang disharmony, pathogenic
force dominance over normal
defence, and ascending-descending
disregulation (Figure 3).
The causes of disorders can be
roughly divided into two categories:
internal and external. The
pathogenesis of a disease consists
of Yin-yang disharmony, pathogenic
force dominance over normal
defence, and ascending-descending
disregulation (Figure 3).
| Figure 3 TCM etiology and pathology |
TCM diagnostics
Four types of methods are used for an evaluation of a patient: inspection, listening and smelling, inquiry,
and palpation. All diseases are categorized into eight principle patterns, i.e.yin-yang, exterior and
interior, cold and heat, deficiency and excess.
Four types of methods are used for an evaluation of a patient: inspection, listening and smelling, inquiry,
and palpation. All diseases are categorized into eight principle patterns, i.e.yin-yang, exterior and
interior, cold and heat, deficiency and excess.
TCM therapeutics
Eight different strategies are generally applied in the prevention and treatment of disease: diaphoresis,
emesis, purgation, mediation, warming, clearing, tonification and resolution.
Eight different strategies are generally applied in the prevention and treatment of disease: diaphoresis,
emesis, purgation, mediation, warming, clearing, tonification and resolution.
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